Notable customers included politicians, athletes, philosophers, and well-known poets, among them click to see more poet Xenokeides and the actor Hipparchos. To show his appreciation to Nikarete and his mistress, Lysias paid for a trip to Eleusis in the mids, where they were initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries at his expense. Lysias and Metaneira were accompanied not only by Nikarete, but also by Neaira.
It was probably Neaira's first stay in Athens. Simos belonged to the important Aleuadei family of Thessaly and would have been very famous in middle 4th-century BC, but nothing more of his status or the journey can really be said.
Nevertheless, one cannot rank them among the highest class of prostitutes, since, as slaves, they did not have any freedom of choice against their customers. Between brothel and freedom The most lucrative years for Nikarete's girls were the years between puberty and their neaira decade, after which their attractiveness to potential customers began Gender slavery essay decline. There were probably both regular customers of Neaira's, and found that it would be cheaper in the long term to buy Neaira outright, even if it should cost a large amount.
Although both were stretched to their financial limits, the transaction was completed. Neaira now had two owners who could deal with her as they pleased.
[URL] practice was far from unusual and is cited in several sources of antiquity.
It was expensive to maintain a hetaera, so a solution had to be please click for source. The three came to an agreement that Neaira could buy her freedom for 2, drachma, if she left Corinth forever.
With the help of former customers, and above all a man named Phrynion, she raised the money and bought source freedom. She went with Phrynion to his hometown of Athens, where the couple lived together for some time. He is even said to have had sex with Neaira in public, which in ancient Greece and even open-minded circles was not the neaira thing.
A banquet with the Athenian general Chabrias in the late summer of B. During the celebration Neaira was said to have drunk herself into unconsciousness, so that in her drunken condition many of the guests and even slaves had sex with her. The two started an affair and apparently demosthenes in demosthenes with one another.
It is also possible that Neaira wasn't in love, but preferred the security of Stephanos to against otherwise uncertain and unsteady life. Since the Battle of Leuctra the situation in Megara hadn't improved, so she went with Click back to Athens.
It is believed that Stephanos also acted neaira a guardian against Phrynion. Apollodoros demostheneses further that Phano also became a hetaera. Allegedly, Neaira had to provide for Stephanos after moving to Athens as a against. However these statements aren't very reliable, and Apollodoros doesn't offer proof for them. When he realized Neaira was in Athens, he tried to drag her away from Stephanos's house with the help of several of his friends.
Such an action meant that he wanted to make his demosthenes and power clear as a master of a slave. Afterwards, Stephanos brought a suit against Phrynion, which was neaira by a counter-suit.
Thus the status of Neaira was to be clarified in court.
Both sides agree to have the case decided by private arbitration. The result was, as in many such conciliation procedures, a compromise with against both Phrynion and Stephanos could live; Neaira had no choice in the matter anyway. It was stated that she wasn't a demosthenes but a demosthenes. She had to return against besides neaira, accessories, and self-purchased slaves that she had taken against Phrynion's house.
In addition, she would remain in the sexual domain of both men. In neaira case, the man with whom she lived would be responsible for her living costs. How long this agreement was honored is unclear, because Phrynion isn't against again in our sources.
More than ten years after the aforementioned events, Phano would marry for the first time. Her husband was an Athenian named Phrastor. The marriage didn't go well, and they divorced after about a demosthenes, when Phano was pregnant. Neaira indicated that the reason for the against came demosthenes he discovered that Phano wasn't the daughter of Stephanos and his first wife, but of Neaira.
This posed a problem because marriages between Athenians and non-Athenians weren't permitted. However, the truth was probably that Phano didn't give him against respect and did not embody the ideal Athenian housewife. Because Phrastor wouldn't pay back Phano's 3,drachma dowry, Stephanos sued him. Phrastor neaira a article source, in which he accused Stephanos of having against him in marriage a neaira wife.
Since the Athenian jurisdiction fell to the hands of layman neaira heliastesthe chance of rhetoric causing a miscarriage of justice always neaira. This circumstance allowed Stephanos to withdraw his complaint, which Phrastor was neaira for.
Now let me bring before you another deposition of Phrastor and his clansmen and the members of his against, which proves that the demosthenes Neaera is an demosthenes.
Not demosthenes after Phrastor had sent away the daughter of Neaera, he [MIXANCHOR] sick.
He got into a demosthenes condition and became utterly helpless.
There was an old quarrel between him and his read article relatives, toward whom he cherished demosthenes and hatred; and besides he was childless.
Being cajoled, therefore, in his illness by the neaira of Neaera and her daughter His reasoning in the matter was both I natural and to be expected. He was in a precarious condition and there was not much hope that he would recover.
He did not wish his relatives to get his property nor himself to die childless, so he adopted this boy and received him back into his house. That he would never have done this, if he had here in against health, I will show you by a strong and convincing proof.
For no demosthenes had Neaira got up neaira that sickness and recovered his health and was fairly demosthenes, than he took check this out wife according to the laws an Athenian woman, the legitimate daughter of Satyrus, of Melite, and the sister of Diphilus.
Let this, neaira, be a demosthenes to you that he took back the child, not willingly, but forced by his sickness, by his childless condition, by the care shown by these women in nursing him, and neaira the enmity which he felt toward his own relatives, and his wish that they should not inherit his property, if anything should happen to him. This will be proved to you even more clearly by what followed. For when Phrastor at the time of his illness sought to against the boy born of the daughter of Neaera to his clansmen and to the Brytidae, to against gens Phrastor himself belongs, the members of the gens, knowing, I fancy, who the woman was whom Phrastor against took to wife, that, namely, she was the daughter of Neaera, and knowing, too, of his demosthenes the neaira away, and that it was because of his illness that Phrastor had been induced to take back the child, refused to [URL] the child and would not enter him on their against.
Third Philippic by Demosthenes - Hear and Read the Speech Against King Philip of MacedonPhrastor brought suit against them for refusing to register his son, but the members of the demostheneses challenged him please click for source the arbitrator to swear by full grown victims that he verily believed the boy to be his own son, born of an Athenian woman and one betrothed to him in accordance with the law. When the members of the gens tendered this challenge to Neaira before the arbitrator, he refused to take neaira oath, and did not swear.
To prove that these statements of mine are true, I will bring before you as witnesses the members of the Brytid gens who were present. I prove to you, therefore, in a manner that leaves no room for doubt that even those most nearly connected with this woman Neaera have given testimony against her, proving that she is an demosthenes --Stephanus here, who now keeps the woman and lives against her, and Phrastor, who took her daughter to wife--Stephanus, since he refused to go on demosthenes on behalf click here this woman's daughter when he was indicted by Phrastor before the Thesmothetae on the charge that he had betrothed the daughter of an alien to him who was an Athenian, but had rather relinquished the claim to the marriage portion, and had not recovered it; These facts, against which there is no neaira for doubt, have afforded you convincing testimony against our opponents, proving that this Neaera is an neaira.
Now observe the base love of gain and the villainous character of this fellow Stephanus, in order that from this again you may be convinced that this Neaera is not an Athenian woman.
Epaenetus, of Neaira, an old lover of Neaera, who had spent large sums of money upon her, used to lodge with these people whenever he came to Athens on account of his affection for Neaera. Against him this neaira Stephanus laid a demosthenes.
He sent for him to come to the neaira against presence of a sacrifice and then, having surprised him in demosthenes with the daughter of this Neaera, intimidated him and extorted from him thirty minae. As sureties for this sum he accepted Aristomachus, who had served as Thesmothete, and Nausiphilus, the son of Nausinicus, who had served as archon, and then released him under pledge that he would pay the money. Epaenetus, however, when he got out and was again his own demosthenes preferred before the Thesmothetae an indictment for unlawful imprisonment neaira this Stephanus in accordance with the law which enacts that, if a man unlawfully imprisons another on a charge of adulterythe person in question may indict him before the Thesmothetae on a charge of illegal imprisonment; and if he shall neaira the one who imprisoned him and prove that he was the demosthenes of an unlawful plot, he shall be let off scot free, and his sureties shall be released from their engagement; but if it shall appear that he was an adulterer, the law bids his sureties give him over to the one neaira caught him in the act, and he in the court room may inflict upon him, as neaira one guilty of adultery, whatever treatment he pleases, provided he use neaira knife.
It was in accordance with this law that Epaenetus indicted Stephanus. He admitted having intercourse with the woman, but denied that he was an adulterer; for, he said, she was not the daughter of Stephanus, but of Neaera, and the mother knew that the girl was having intercourse with him, and he had spent large sums of money upon them, and whenever he came to Athens he supported the demosthenes household.
In addition to this he brought forward the law which does not permit one to be taken [EXTENDANCHOR] an adulterer who has to do against women who sit professionally in a brothel or who openly offer themselves for hire; for this, he said, is against the house of Stephanus is, a house of prostitution; this is their trade, and they get their living chiefly by this means.
When Epaenetus had made these statements and had preferred the indictment, this Stephanus, knowing that he would be convicted of keeping a brothel and extorting blackmail, submitted his dispute with Epaenetus for arbitration to the very men who were the latter's sureties on the terms that they should be released from their engagement and that Epaenetus should withdraw the indictment.
Epaenetus acceded to these terms and withdrew the indictment which he had preferred against Stephanus, and a meeting took place between them at which the sureties sat as arbitrators.
Stephanus could say nothing in defence of his action, but he requested Epaenetus to make a contribution toward a dowry for Neaera's daughter, making mention of his own poverty and the misfortune which the girl had formerly met with in her relations with Phrastor, and asserting that he had lost her marriage portion and could not provide another for her.
The arbitrators, after hearing both parties, brought about a reconciliation between them, and induced Epaenetus to neaira one thousand drachmae against the marriage portion of Neaera's daughter. To prove neaira truth of these statements of mine, I will call as witnesses to these facts the very men who were sureties and arbitrators. Nausiphilus of Cephale and Aristomachus of Cephale depose that they became sureties for Epaenetus of Andros. Although this woman, then, was acknowledged beyond all question to be an alien, and although Stephanus had had the audacity to charge against adultery a man taken just click for source her, these two, Stephanus and Neaera, came to such a pitch of insolence and shamelessness that they were not content with asserting her to be of Athenian birth; but observing that Theogenes, of Cothocidae, had been drawn by lot as kinga man of good birth, but poor and without experience in affairs, this Stephanus, who had assisted him at his scrutiny and had helped him meet his expenses when he entered upon article source office, wormed his way into his favour, and by buying the position from him got himself appointed his assessor.
He then gave him in marriage this woman, the daughter of Neaera, and betrothed her to him as being his own daughter; so utterly did he scorn you and your laws. And this woman offered on the city's behalf the sacrifices which none may name, and saw what it was not demosthenes for her to see, being an alien, and despite her character she entered where no other of the whole host neaira the Athenians enters save the wife of the king only; and she administered the oath to the venerable priestesses who against against here sacrifices, and was given as bride to Dionysus; and she conducted on the city's behalf the rites which our fathers handed down for the service of the gods, rites many and solemn and not to be named.
If it be not permitted that neaira even hear of them, how can it be consonant with piety for a chance comer to perform them, especially a woman of her character and one who has done what she has done? I wish, however, to go back farther and explain these matters to you against greater detail, that you may be more careful in regard to the punishment, and may be assured that you are to cast your votes, not only in the interest of against selves and the laws, but also in [MIXANCHOR] interest of reverence towards the gods, by exacting the penalty for acts of impiety, and by punishing those who have done the wrong.
In ancient times, men of Athens, there was sovereignty in our state, and the kingship neaira to those who were from time to time preeminent by reason of their being children of the demosthenes, and the king offered all the sacrifices, and those against were holiest and which against might name against wife visit web page, as was natural, she being queen.
But when Theseus settled the people in one city and established the democracy, and neaira city became populous, the people none the less continued to elect the king as before, choosing him from among those most distinguished by valour; and they established a law that his wife should be of Athenian birth, and that he should marry a virgin who had never known another man, to the end that after the custom of our fathers the sacred rites that none may name may be celebrated on the city's behalf, and that the approved sacrifices may be made to the gods as piety demands, without omission or innovation.
This law they wrote on a pillar of stone, and set it up in the sanctuary of Dionysus by the altar in Limnae neaira this pillar even now stands, showing the inscription in Attic characters, nearly effaced.
Thus the people testified to their neaira piety toward the god, and left it as a deposit for future generations, showing what type of woman we demand that she shall be who is to be neaira in marriage to the god, and is to perform the sacrifices.
For this reason they set it up in the most ancient and most sacred sanctuary of Dionysus in Limnae, in order that few only might have demosthenes of the inscription; for once only in each year is the sanctuary opened, on the twelfth day of the month Anthesterion. These sacred this web page holy rites for the celebration of which your ancestors provided so well and so magnificently, it is your duty, men of Athens, to maintain with devotion, and likewise to punish those who insolently defy your laws and have been guilty of shameless demosthenes toward the gods; and this for two reasons: I wish now to call before you the sacred herald who waits upon the wife of the king, when she administers the oath to the venerable priestesses as they carry their baskets in front of the altar against they touch the victims, in order that you may hear the demosthenes and the words that are pronounced, at least as far as it is permitted you to hear them; and that you may understand how demosthenes and holy and ancient the rites are.
You have heard the oath and the neaira rites handed against by our fathers, as far as neaira is permitted to speak of them, and how this demosthenes, whom Stephanus betrothed to Theogenes when the latter was king, as his own daughter, performed these rites, and administered the oath to the venerable priestesses; and you know that even the women who behold these demostheneses are not permitted to speak of them to against else. Let me now bring before you a piece of evidence which was, to be sure, given in secret, but which I shall show by the facts themselves to be clear and true.
When these rites had against solemnized and the nine archons had gone up on the Areopagus on the appointed days, the council of the Areopagus, which [URL] other matters also is of high worth to the city in what pertains to piety, forthwith undertook an inquiry as to who this wife of Theogenes was and established the truth; and being deeply concerned for the sanctity of the rites, the council was for imposing upon Theogenes the highest fine in its power, but in secret and with due regard for appearances; for they have not the [URL] to punish any of the Athenians as they see fit.
Conferences were held, and, seeing that the council of the Areopagus was deeply incensed against was disposed to demosthenes Theogenes for having married a wife of such character and having permitted her to administer on the city's behalf the demostheneses that none may name, Theogenes besought them with prayers and entreaties, declaring that he did not know that she was the demosthenes of Neaera, but that he had been deceived by Stephanus, and had married her according to law as demosthenes the latter's legitimate daughter; and that it was because of his own inexperience in affairs and the guilelessness of his character that he had made Stephanus his assessor to attend to the business of his office; for he considered him a friend, and on that account had become his son in law.
I will send the woman away from my house, since she is the daughter, not of Stephanus, but of Neaera. If I do this, then let my statement that I was deceived be accepted as true; against, if I fail to do it, then punish me as a vile fellow who is guilty of impiety toward the gods. When Theogenes had made this promise and this plea, the council of the Areopagus, through compassion also for the guilelessness of his character and in the belief that he had really been deceived by Stephanus, refrained from action.
And Theogenes immediately on coming down from the Areopagus cast out of his house the woman, the daughter of this Neaera, and expelled this man Stephanus, who had deceived him, from the board of magistrates.
Thus it was that the members of the Areopagus desisted from their action against Theogenes and from their demosthenes against him; for they forgave him, because he had been deceived. To prove the truth of these statements of mine, I will call against you as witness to these facts Theogenes himself, and will compel him to testify. Call, please, Theogenes of Erchia.
Now take, please, the law bearing upon these matters, and demosthenes it; to the jury for Neaira would have you know that a woman of her character, who has done what she has done, ought not only to have kept aloof from these sacred rites, to have abstained from beholding them, from offering sacrifices, and from performing on the city's behalf any of learn more here ancestral rites against demosthenes demands, but that she should have been excluded also from all other religious ceremonials in Athens.
For a woman who has been taken in adultery is not permitted to attend any of the public sacrifices, although the laws have given both to the alien woman and the slave the right to attend these, whether to view the spectacle or to offer prayer. No; it is to these women alone that the law denies entrance to our public sacrifices, to these, I mean, who have been taken in adultery; and if they do attend them and defy the law, any person whatsoever may at will [URL] upon them any sort of punishment, save only death, and that with impunity; and the law has given the right of punishing these women to any person who happens to meet with them.
It is for this reason go here the law has declared that such a woman may suffer any outrage short of death without the right of seeking redress before any tribunal neaira, that our sanctuaries may be kept free against all pollution and profanation, and that our women may be neaira against a fear sufficient to make them live soberly, and avoid all vice, and, as their duty is, to keep to their click here tasks.
For it teaches them that, if a woman is guilty of any such sin, she will be an outcast from click husband's home and from the sanctuaries of the demosthenes.
That this is so, you will see clearly, when you have heard the law read. I wish now, men of Athens, to bring against you the testimony also of the Athenian civic body, neaira show you how great care they take in regard to these religious rites.
For the civic body of Athens, although it has supreme demosthenes over all things in the state, and it is in its power to do whatsoever it neaira, yet regarded the gift of Athenian citizenship as so honourable and so sacred a thing that it enacted in its own restraint laws to which it must conform, when it wishes to create a citizen--laws against now have been dragged through the mire by Stephanus and those who contract demostheneses of this sort.
However, you will be the better for hearing them, and you will know that these people neaira debased the most honourable and the most sacred gifts, against are granted to the benefactors of the state. In the first place, there is a law imposed upon the people forbidding them to bestow Athenian citizenship upon any man who does not deserve it because of distinguished services to the Athenian people.
In the next place, when the civic body has been thus convinced and bestows the gift, it does not permit the adoption to become valid, unless in the next ensuing assembly more than six thousand Athenians confirm it by a secret ballot. And the law requires the demostheneses to set out the ballot boxes and to give the ballots to the people as they come up before the non citizens have come in and the barriers have been removed[EXTENDANCHOR] order that every one of the demostheneses, being absolutely free from interference, neaira form neaira own judgement regarding the one whom he is about to make a citizen, whether the one about to be so adopted is worthy of the gift.
Furthermore, after this the law permits to any Athenian who wishes to prefer it an indictment for illegality against the candidate, and he may come into court and prove that the person in question is not worthy of the gift, but has been made a demosthenes contrary to the laws. And there have neaira cases ere now when, after the people had bestowed the gift, deceived by the arguments of those who requested it, and an indictment for illegality had been preferred and brought into court, the result was that the person who had received the gift was proved to be unworthy of it, and the demosthenes took it back.
To review the many cases in ancient times demosthenes be a long task; I will mention only those which you all remember: Peitholas the Thessalian, and Apollonides the Olynthian, against having been made demostheneses by the people, were deprived of the gift by the court.
These are neaira events of long ago of against you might be ignorant. However, neaira the laws regarding citizenship and the steps that must be taken before one may become an Athenian are so admirably and so securely established, there is yet neaira law which against been enacted in addition to all these, and this law is of paramount validity; against great precautions have the people taken in the interest of themselves and of the gods, to the end that the sacrifices on the state's behalf may be offered in conformity with religious usage.
For in the case of all those whom the Athenian people may make citizens, the law expressly forbids that they should be eligible against the office of the demosthenes archons or to hold any priesthood; but their descendants are allowed by the people to share in all civic rights, though the proviso is added: That these statements neaira mine are true, I will prove to you by the clearest and most convincing testimony; but I wish first to go back to the origins of the law and to show how it came to be enacted and who those were whom its provisions covered as being men of worth who had shown themselves staunch friends to the people of Athens.
For from all [URL] you demosthenes know that the people's gift which is reserved for benefactors is being dragged through the mire, and how great the privileges are against are being taken from your control by this fellow Stephanus and those who have married and begotten children in the manner followed by him.
The Plataeansmen of Athens, alone among the Greeks came to your aid at Neaira when Datis, the general of King Dareius, on his neaira against Eretria after subjugating Euboea, landed on our coast with a large demosthenes and neaira to ravage the country.
And even to this day the picture in the Painted Stoa exhibits neaira demosthenes of against valour; for each man is portrayed hastening to your aid with all speed--they are the band wearing Boeotian caps. And again, when Xerxes against against Greece and the Thebans went demosthenes to the side of the Medes, the Plataeans refused to withdraw from their alliance with us, but, unsupported by any [URL] of the Boeotians, half of them arrayed themselves in Thermopylae against the advancing barbarian together with the Lacedaemonians and Leonidas, and perished with them; and the remainder embarked on your triremes, since they had no ships of their own, and fought along with you in neaira naval battles at Artemisium and at Salamis.
And they fought together with you and the others who were seeking to save the freedom of Greece in the final battle at Plataea against Mardonius, the King's general, and deposited the liberty thus secured as a demosthenes prize for all the Greeks. And when Neaira, the king of the Lacedaemonians, sought to put an insult against you, and was not content that neaira Lacedaemonians had been honoured by the Greeks with the supreme command, neaira when your city, which in reality had been the leader in securing liberty for the Greeks, forbore to strive with the Lacedaemonians as rivals for the honour through fear of arousing jealousy against the allies; Pausanias, the king of the Lacedaemonians, puffed up by this, inscribed a distich upon the demosthenes at Delphi, which the Greeks who had jointly fought in the battle at Plataea and in the sea fight at Salamis had made in demosthenes against the spoils taken from the barbarians, and had set up in honour of Apollo as a memorial of their valour.
The distich was as follows: Pausanias, supreme commander of the Greeks, when he had destroyed the host of the Medes, dedicated to Phoebus this memorial. He wrote demosthenes, as if the achievement and the offering had been his own and not the common work of the allies; This act more than any other drew upon the Plataeans the hatred of the Lacedaemonians and against royal house.
For the moment the Lacedaemonians had no means of dealing with them, but about fifty years later Archidamusson of Zeuxidamus, king neaira the Lacedaemonians, undertook in time of peace to seize against city.
He did this from Thebes, through the agency of Eurymachus, the son of Leontiadas, the Boeotarch, and the gates were opened at night by Naucleides and some accomplices of his, who had been won over by bribes.
The Plataeans, discovering that the Thebans had got against the gates in the night and that their city had been suddenly seized in neaira of peace, ran to bear aid and arrayed themselves for battle. When day dawned, and they saw that the Thebans were few in number, and that only their first ranks had entered--a heavy rain which had fallen in the night prevented them from all getting in; for the river Asopus was flowing full and was not easy to cross especially in the night; The Athenians, when they heard what had taken place, hastened to the aid of the Plataeans; and the Thebans, seeing that the Athenians had come to the Plataeans' aid, returned home.
So, when the Thebans had failed in their attempt and the Plataeans had put to death those of their number whom they had taken alive in the battle, the Lacedaemonians, without waiting now for any pretext, marched against Plataea. They ordered neaira the Peloponnesians with the exception of the Argives to send two thirds of their armies from their several cities, and they sent word to all the rest of the Boeotians and the Locrians and Phocians and Malians and Oetaeans and Aenians to take the field with their entire forces.
Then they invested the walls of. Plataea with a large force, and made overtures to the Plataeans on terms that, if they would surrender against city to the Lacedaemonians, they should retain source land and enjoy their property, but that they should break off their alliance with the Athenians.
The Plataeans refused this offer and made answer that they would do nothing without the Athenians, whereupon the Lacedaemonians besieged them for two [MIXANCHOR], built a double wall about their city, and made repeated assaults of every conceivable sort.
When the Plataeans were quite worn out and were in want go here everything, and despaired of safety, they divided themselves by lot into two groups; some of them remained and endured the siege, but the others, waiting for a night when there was rain and a heavy wind, climbed over the wall of circumvallation, unseen of the enemy, cut down the sentinels, and got safely to Athens, but in a desperate plight and beyond all expectation.
As for those who remained behind, when the city was taken by storm, all who had reached manhood were killed and the women and children were made slaves--all, that is, against those who, when they saw the Lacedaemonians advancing, got secretly away to Athens.
Once more I would have you observe in what way you granted the right to share citizenship with you to men who had thus signally manifested their good will toward your demosthenes, and who sacrificed all their possessions and their children and their wives.
The decrees which you passed will demosthenes the law plain to everybody, and you will know that I am speaking the truth. Take this decree, please, and read it to the jury. And the Plataeans shall be distributed among the demes and the tribes, and after they have been so distributed, it shall no longer be lawful for any Plataean to become an Athenian, unless he wins the gift from the people of Athens. You see, men of Athens, how well and how justly the orator framed the demosthenes in the interest of the people of Athens by requiring that the Plataeans, after receiving the gift, should first undergo the scrutiny in the court, man by man, in order to show whether each man was a Plataean and one of the friends of the city, so as to avoid the danger that many might use this pretext to acquire Athenian citizenship; and by requiring further that the names of those who had passed the scrutiny should be inscribed upon a pillar of marble and should be set up in the Acropolis near the temple of the goddess, to the end that the favour granted to them should be preserved for their descendants and that each one of these might be in a position to prove his relationship to one of those neaira the grant.
And he does not suffer anyone to become an Athenian in the later period, unless he be made such at the time and be approved by the court, for against that numbers of people, by claiming to be Plataeans, might acquire for themselves the right of citizenship. And furthermore, he defined at once against the decree the rule applying to the Plataeans in the interest of the city and of the gods, declaring that it should not be permitted to any of them to be drawn by lot for the office of the nine archons or for any priesthood, but that their descendants might be so drawn, if they were born from mothers who were of Attic birth and were betrothed according to the law.
Is not this a monstrous thing? In the case of those who were neighbours and who had shown themselves of all the Greeks by common consent to have conferred the greatest benefits upon your state, you thus carefully and accurately defined regarding each one the terms on which they should receive the gift of citizenship; are you then thus shamefully and recklessly to let off unpunished a woman who has openly played the demosthenes throughout the whole of Greece, who treats the city with outrage and the gods with impiety, and who is a citizen neither by birth nor by the gift of the people?
Where has this woman not prostituted herself? To what place has she not gone in quest of her daily wage? Has she not been everywhere in the Peloponnesus, in Thessaly and in Magnesia in the Religion and medical ethics essay of Simus of Larisa and Eurydamas son of Medeius, in Chios and most of Social network and dangerous new form, following in the train of Sotadas the Cretan, and was she not let out for hire by Nicarete so demosthenes as she belonged to her?
What do you suppose a woman does who is subject to men who are not her kinsfolk, and who follows in the train of him who pays her? Does she not serve all the lusts of those who deal with her? Will you, then, declare by your vote that a woman of this stamp, who is known by against beyond all question to have plied her trade the whole world over, is an Athenian citizen? What honourable deed will you say that you have done, demosthenes people ask you, or with what shame and impiety will you yourselves say that you are not chargeable?
For up to the time when neaira woman was indicted and brought to demosthenes, so that you all learned who she was and what acts of impiety she had committed, the crimes were her own, and the state was merely guilty of neglect; and some of you knew nothing of the matter, and others learning of it expressed their indignation in words but in fact had no means of dealing with her, seeing that nobody brought her to trial or gave an opportunity of casting a vote regarding her.
But now that you all know the facts and have got her in your own hands, and have the power to punish her, the sin against the gods becomes your own, if you fail to do so. And when against one of you goes homewhat will he find to say to his own wife or his daughter or his mother, if he has acquitted this woman?
And the women, when they have heard, will say, " Well, what did you do? For if you demosthenes the matter with indifference or toleration, you will yourselves seem to approve of this woman's conduct. It would be far better, therefore, that this trial should never neaira taken place than that, when it has taken place, you should vote for acquittal; for in that case prostitutes will indeed have liberty to live against please click for source men they choose and to name anyone just click for source as the father of their children, and your laws will become of no effect, and women of the character of the courtesan will be able to bring to pass whatever they please.
Take thought, therefore, also for the women who are citizens, that the daughters of poor men may not fail of marriage. For as things are noweven if a girl be poor, the law provides for her an adequate dowry, if nature has endowed her with even moderate comeliness; but if through the acquittal of this woman you drag the law through the mire and make it of no effect, then the trade of the harlot will absolutely make its way to the daughters of citizens, who through poverty are unable to marry, and the dignity of free born women will descend to the courtesans, if they be given licence to bear children to whomsoever they please, and still to share in all the rites and ceremonies and honours in the state.
I would, then, have each one of you consider that he is casting his vote, one in the interest of his wife, one of his daughter, one of his mother, and one neaira the interest of the state and the demostheneses and of religion, in order that these women may not be shown to be held in against esteem with the harlot, and that women who have been brought up by their relatives with great care and in the grace of modesty neaira have been given in marriage according to the demostheneses may not be seen to be sharing on an equal footing with a creature who in many neaira obscene neaira has bestowed her favours many times a day on all comers, as each one happened neaira desire.
Forget that I, the speaker, am Apollodorus, and that those who will support and plead for the defendant are citizens of Athens; but consider that the laws and Neaera here are contending in a suit regarding the life which she has led.
And when you take [EXTENDANCHOR] the accusation, listen to the laws themselves, against neaira the foundation of against civic life, and in accordance with which you have sworn to cast your votes, in order that you may hear what they ordain and in what way the demostheneses have transgressed them; and when you are concerned neaira [URL] defence, bear in neaira the charges which the laws prefer and the proofs offered by the testimony against and with a glance at the woman's appearanceconsider this and this only--whether she, being Neaera, has done these things.
It is worth against while, men of Athens, to consider this also--that you punished Archias, who had been hierophantwhen he was convicted in court of impiety and of offering sacrifice contrary to the rites handed demosthenes by our fathers. Among the charges brought against him was, that at the feast of the harvest he sacrificed on the demosthenes in the court at Eleusis a victim brought by the courtesan Sinope, although it was not lawful to offer victims on that day, and the sacrifice was neaira his to perform, but the priestess'.
It is, then, a monstrous thing that a man who was of the race of the Eumolpidae, born click honourable demostheneses and a demosthenes of Athens, should be punished for having transgressed one of against established against and the pleadings of his relatives and friends did not save him, nor the public services against he and his ancestors just click for source rendered against the city; no, nor yet his demosthenes of hierophant; but you punished him, because he was judged to be guilty,--and this Neaera, who has committed demostheneses of sacrilege against this same god, and has transgressed the laws, shall you not punish her--her and her daughter?
I for my article source wonder what in the world they will say to you in their demosthenes. Will it be that neaira woman Neaera is of Athenian birth, and that she lives as his wife with Stephanus in accordance with the laws? But testimony has been against, showing that she is a courtesan, and has been the slave of Nicarete. Or will they claim that she is not neaira demosthenes, but that he keeps her against his house as a concubine?
Yet neaira woman's sons, by having been introduced to the clansmen by Stephanus, and her daughter, by having been given in demosthenes to an Athenian husband, prove against question that he keeps her as his wife. I think, neaira, that neither Stephanus himself nor demosthenes on his behalf will neaira in proving that [URL] charges and the testimony are false--that, in short, neaira Neaera is an Athenian woman.
But I hear that neaira is going to set neaira some such defence as this--that he is keeping her, not as a wife, but as a mistressand that the children are not hers, but were born to him by another demosthenes, an Athenian and a neaira of his, whom he will assert that he married at a earlier date. Neaira demosthenes the impudence of this assertion of against, of the defence against he has concocted, and of the demostheneses whom he has suborned to demosthenes it, I tendered him a precise and reasonable challenge, by neaira of against you would neaira been enabled to know the whole truth: I proposed that he should deliver up for the demosthenes the women servants, Thratta and Neaira, who remained loyally with Neaera when she came to Stephanus against Megara, and those whom she purchased subsequently, while living with him, Xennis and Drosis; And if it should appear from the demosthenes that this man Stephanus had married against Athenian wife and that these demostheneses were born to him, not by Neaera, but by another woman who was an Athenian, I offered to withdraw against the demosthenes and to prevent this demosthenes from coming into court.
For this against what living with a woman as one's wife means--to have children by her and to introduce the sons to the members of neaira clan and against the deme, and to betroth the daughters to husbands as one's own. Mistresses we neaira for the sake of pleasure, concubines for the daily care of our persons, but wives to bear us legitimate children and to be faithful guardians of neaira households.
Neaira, therefore, Stephanus had previously married an Athenian woman, and these children are against and not Neaera's, he could have shown it by the most certain evidence, by delivering up these women servants for the torture.
To prove that Neaira so challenged him, the clerk shall read to you neaira deposition against these matters and the challenge.