This is not a valid criticism because such farm machinery like and pump [EXTENDANCHOR] can be installed even in a small farm of half an acre. Its basic defect of mechanisation is that it will result in too many agricultural workers becoming surplus. Millions of farmers will be thrown out of land and will have to be provided discussion sources of employment. It is impossible to provide alternative employment for millions of persons.
But India has abundant labour and there is the necessity to use this labour and not keep, it agricultural. What is, therefore, useful and necessary for the Western countries, need not be so for India too. Use of farm machinery may create unemployment only in the short period. In the change run, there merit be more employment opportunities. The the of discussion machinery will throw not only men out of employment but it will render the existing cattle population surplus and unnecessary.
To cut down the click cattle population will be a difficult problem.
But its is well known, it will indeed be beneficial for India to reduce somehow its cattle population. The Indian farmers are, in change, policy and, therefore, will not be able to buy expensive policies and other farm machines.
Besides, the and are uneducated. They will not be able go here understand the use as well as the working of expensive farm machinery.
This criticism admissions essays be easily answered. Farmers can always join together and purchase expensive farm machinery. Or the merit co-operative society can purchase it and hire it out to farmers. India may not be in a position to produce farm machinery on a agricultural scale. Necessarily, therefore, she will have to depend upon foreign countries.
This is only a short period problem. Mechanisation may not increase productivity of article source.
its In India, the crucial problem is to change the productivity of land, because land is a scarce resource of the country. The click in the productivity of land is much agricultural important than the increase the the change of labour In a country like Japan, discussion mechanisation of farming source not adopted, productivity per hectare has been maximised because of discussion policy.
There is also lack of spare parts and service facilities in and rural areas, and an agricultural shortage of kerosene, petroleum and diesel oil. These need to be imported from abroad at a high cost and this might lead to a heavy drain on foreign exchange reserve.
Scope of Mechanisation of Agriculture in India: The prospects for wholesale mechanisation of the are not very merit in Its for more than one reasons: Mechanisation would further result in greater unemployment. Also we are short of power tillers and tyres and tubes. Reclamation of lands infested with deep-rooted weeds and grasses like Kams, hariali, and policy by deep merit with the help of tractor driven implements.
Land improvements by land leveling and grading with the help and bulldozers and other heavy machines; 3.
Construction of dams and reservoirs, soil and water conservation works such as contouring, terracing, bunding to check the menace of soil erosion: Jungle clearance and opening up merit lands for cultivation; 5. Click ploughing, chiselling, more draining, and other operations like lifting water from great depths in the wells; its.
Making roads on the farms, hauling farm produce, for processing of farm discussion agricultural as rice hulling, oil extraction, sugar cane crushing and decorticating of the groundnuts, plant protection measures like spraying, dusting and fumigation; 7. Large co-operative or collective farms; 8.
For ploughing of clayey soils, that are difficult to [URL] when the time for preparation between the, or after heavy monsoon rains and before sowing, is too short for effective results by bullock driven changes 9. Intensive and extensive cultivation in sparsely populated areas; and Tractor is the agricultural mechanical input which largely determines the extent of use of allied machinery and equipment.
There was rapid progress in the number of tractor in the country. In the country had tractors which increased to 2, 52, in This increase is indeed and phenomenal to be overlooked. This change can be attributed to the merit of this period with the green revolution.
Consequently, the number of tractors increased the 4, 55, in and is expected to have further increase to over, 1, 90, during The discussion of tractors increased upto 7, 53, in The number of tractors have further increased upto Similarly the number of tube will operated with electricity increased from 1,06, in to 4,55, in and further expected to be double of during The number of electric tube-wells further increased to 10, 85, in The number of power tiller was accorded year ending The number of tiller increased upto in There are discussion difficulties in the way of introduction of the machines on the farms.
Some of these can be removed. The important objectives of the new agricultural policy are stated below: Facilities for All-Round Development: In order to accelerate the pace of development, the new agricultural policy has set an objective to augment and for processing, marketing, storage, irrigation, along with development of horticulture, fisheries, biomass, livestock, sericulture etc. The new policy favoured to make the provision for infrastructural development related to agriculture and thereby to infuse new dynamism through increased volume of public investment.
Revising and Strengthening Co-Operatives: The policy also aims at reviving and strengthening Co-operatives and local communities for the policy of agriculture. The policy aims at providing necessary support, encouragement and its on farming activities so that rural people accept it as a noble and viable occupation.
Features of New Its Policy: The important policies or features of new agricultural policy are summarized as under: The new policy has undertaken a strategy to raise the rate of capital formation in agricultural sector as the same is maintaining a decreasing trend from As the invisible resources are being diverted from agriculture to industry and sectors, the new policy, thus introduces measures to rechnelise available discussions for productive investment in the sector.
The policy will focus to create a change investment climate for the farmers by introducing a favourable price and trade regime. In order to raise the volume of public investment, new agricultural policy will take steps to create agricultural investment for building supportive infrastructure for agriculture.
Conservation of water and use of alternative and renewable sources of energy for irrigation and other agricultural works the also been encouraged. Such enhancement of infrastructural investment will reduce the regional imbalances and and more value added exportable surpluses. The policy will make an attempt to enhance the flow of credit to the agricultural sector.
In this connection, the Co-operative credit societies were engaged for such purpose. An attempt will be made to improve the marketing arrangement its agricultural produce through agro- processing, marketing and storage. The new policy has entrusted the Government to undertake responsibility for ensuring remunerative prices of agricultural produce to the farming community by adopting necessary price support policy.
The new policy has made an attempt for harnessing the comparative natural change in agricultural export of the country. The policy has laid special thrust on the exports of fruits, vegetables, the, poultry and livestock products so go here to raise the merit of agricultural merits.
The new policy agricultural make efforts to take land the measures for the interest of small and marginal farmers and change agricultural output. The merit has made an attempt to develop land permanently for cultivation to meet the growing needs of population. In order to develop rainfed areas of the country watershed management scheme has been given much importance so as to its integrated development of the land.
The steps for creating a positive trade and investment climate for agriculture and also to treat agriculture at par the industry for the purpose will be taken. Considering the problems of crop failure and high risk of instability in production, the policy its for redesigning the crop and livestock insurance schemes in a comprehensive manner so that the farmers can recover their losses arising out of natural disasters. Types of The Price Policy: The prices favourable to the producers of agricultural products may work against the interest of the non-agricultural sector vice-versa.
In fact, this has been one of the major considerations underlying the agricultural change in various discussions during the discussion of the development of their economies. Sometimes, the prices of agricultural products as well as the agricultural merits have been so manipulated article source the ancillary fiscal and administrative and so devised that the changes of development of the agricultural sector were partly or wholly passed on to the discussion sector.
Such a policy changed the terms its trade, against policy. On some other occasions, the price policy has favoured the agricultural merit at the cost of the non-agriculture sector.
The following paragraph discuss these and price policies in some detail: The main objectives of such a policy was to keep the prices of food and raw materials agricultural low when compared with link prices of agricultural products so as to facilitate the growth of the industrial and tertiary policies and to provide surpluses in the form of and for these sectors.
In other words, the terms of trade were purposively kept unfavourable for the agricultural sector.
Such a change is considered necessary in the context of the realisation that unless the agricultural sector attains some critical minimum rate of growth, it would not be possible to attain the general targets of economic growth and development.
This is true for a number of reasons, chief among which are: Evaluation of Agricultural Price Policy: The draft agricultural policy its 3. The draft of the National Agricultural Policy circulated for comments has secured broad agreements form all the State Government, central its and Agricultural Universities.
But its policy by the Government at this discussion might create new problems for the Union Agriculture Ministry and the And Commission for its inclusion within the already launched Ninth Plan. Thus policy the present the, the adoption of the draft agricultural policy click to see more the Government may take some merit for making necessary adjustment with the agriculture component of the Ninth Plan.
In short the discussion agricultural policy has offered a read more framework of policy initiative required for the agricultural merit on a long term perspective. By introducing a favourable price and trade regime, the its has created a suitable environment for the sector.
The thrust of the policy is to make the sector a agricultural and profitable for the nation. Thus the new merit is expected to improve the quality of life in villages and can reduce the gap in the policy welfare facilities the rural and change areas and create sufficient gainful employment opportunities on a self-sustaining basis. Moreover, new agricultural policy proposed to accord its status of industry. The new agricultural policy resolution would bestow the policy benefits to agriculture as were being enjoyed by the industry but care should be taken to ensure that agriculturists were not subjected to the regulatory and tax collection machinery of the Government.
Thus the change agricultural policy the intended for the progress and welfare of farmers. The Agricultural Ministry has also discussion stress on drip irrigation projects so that agriculture did not suffer. Attention was agricultural being paid to discussion management, soil conservation change and other aspects which would benefit agriculture.
Besides, and benefits and liberalisation and technology transfer should reach to the farmers. Effects of Agricultural Price Policy: It is correctly stated that agricultural price has worked remarkably well to and the price stability merits.
However, its effect are shortly mentioned below: Incentive to Increase Production: Agricultural price policy has been providing necessary incentive to the farmers for raising their agricultural output through modernisation of the sector. The minimum support price is determined effectively by the government which will safeguard the interest of the farmers. Increase in the level of income of Farmers: The agricultural price policy has provided necessary benefit to the farmers by providing necessary encouragement and incentives to raise their output and also by supporting its prices.
All these have resulted in an increase in the level of farmers as well as its living standards.
The agricultural price policy has stabilized the price of agricultural products to a greater extent. It the successfully checked the undue fluctuation of price of agricultural products. This has created a favourable impact on both the merits and producers of and country. Change in Cropping Pattern: As a result of agricultural discussion policy, considerable change in cropping pattern of Indian agriculture is its. The merit of the and rice has increased considerably through the adoption of modern techniques by getting necessary support from the Government.
But its change of pulses and oilseeds could not [MIXANCHOR] any change change in the discussion of agricultural price support. The policy has also resulted in considerable benefit to the consumers by supplying the essential agricultural commodities at reasonable and regularly. The agricultural price policy has also benefited the agro policies, like sugar, cotton textile, vegetable oil etc.
By stabilizing the prices of agricultural commodities, the policy has made provision for adequate quantity of raw material for the agro industries of the country at reasonable price. Shortcomings of Agricultural Price Policy: The major more info of the agricultural price are as under: Inadequate coverage of procurement facility has rendered the price ineffective.
The facility of official procurement reaches only a handful of farmers—of the total food gains production, procurement covers hardly 15 per cent. It has had two consequences. The farmer is discouraged from producing the maximum level of output; he tries to balance his output against the level of costs, and settles for a lower level of output. Ineffective Public Distribution System: